Sunday, January 5, 2020

The Structure Of Eukaryotic Chromosomes - 1510 Words

Humans are all totally unique in one way. That one way is DNA. Human DNA is very complex and it takes on a certain structure in order for it to function correctly. Understanding the structure of eukaryotic chromosomes, or condensed forms of DNA, and how they function helps scientists understand how human DNA is unique. These highly specialized cells help eukaryotic organisms, such as humans, to sustain life. What is a eukaryotic organism? A eukaryotic organism is any organism with complex cells, or a single cell with a complex structure. These eukaryotic organisms cells genetic material is organized into chromosomes found in a nucleus. These eukaryotic cells also have membrane bound organelles, which distinguishes them from other types of organisms. Structure of Eukaryotic Chromosomes Multi celled organisms like human beings require a large amount of DNA. There are two meters of DNA in every human cell but the cell’s nucleus diameter is only 5-8 micrometers. So how does all that DNA fit into our cell’s nucleus? Well the very long double stranded DNA molecules are tightly packed into chromosomes, which are highly compacted. Chromosome 22, for example, has 48 million nucleotide pairs which, if stretched out end to end the DNA would extended 1.5 cm. Chromosome 22 during the stage of mitosis it measures at an astonishing 2 micrometers. This is ten thousand times tighter then if the DNA was stretched out all the way. DNA has the assistance of the chromosomal proteins, histonesShow MoreRelated Comparison of Genetic Information In Eukaryotes And Prokaryotes1567 Words   |  7 Pagescompare and contrast the genomes in eukaryotes and prokaryotes according to the perspective of Cell biology (The science that studies about c ells). This comparison is conducted on genetic material, in respect to their location, size, expression, structure, architecture as well as number. Genome Location The location of genomes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes show major discrepancies because they have different levels of cell organization. Due to the simplicity of the prokaryotes, theyRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells1563 Words   |  7 Pagesprokaryotes or eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells are typically larger and include protists, plants, fungi and animal cells. They are described as ‘a type of cell with membrane-enclosed organelles and membrane-enclosed nucleus’ (Cain et al, 2014, p171). A typically smaller prokaryotic cell ‘lacks a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles’; this term includes the domains of bacteria and Archaea (Cain et al, 2014, p171). Prokaryotic cells evolved earlier than Eukaryotic cells this is shownRead MoreDETAILED DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUKARYOTIC AND PROKARYOTIC CELLS817 Words   |  4 PagesDETAILED DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUKARYOTIC AND PROKARYOTIC CELLS Cells are divided into two categories namely the Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. These two have varying differences between them. Speaking in simple cell biology words, prokaryotes are primitive, simple organisms that lack membranous cell organelles. The opposite of this are eukaryotes, which are advanced and complex organisms having membrane bound cell organelles. Seemingly simple in structure and markedly different from eukaryote andRead MoreEukaryotic And Of Eukaryotic Eukaryotes1385 Words   |  6 Pages Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotes accord to the taxon Eukarya or Eukaryota. The defining affection that sets eukaryotic beef afar from prokaryotic beef is that they accept membrane-bound organelles, abnormally the nucleus, which contains the abiogenetic material, and is amid by the nuclear envelope. The attendance of a basis gives eukaryotes their designation, which emanates from the Greek ÃŽ µÃ¡ ½â€" and ÃŽ ºÃŽ ¬Ã Ãâ€¦ÃŽ ¿ÃŽ ½ . Eukaryotic beef along accommodate added membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and the GolgiRead MoreBiology Lesson Plan Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes663 Words   |  3 PagesA Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan in BIOLOGY Date: January 22, 2013 Time: 7:30-8:30 Section: BSEd-2B I. Objective(s) At the end of the 60-minute period, at least 75% of the student’s should be able to: 1. Differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells. II. Subject Matter a. Topic: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes b. References: b.1. Department of Education. 2002. Operations Handbook in Biology: 2002 Basic Education Curriculum Secondary Level. II. 1. 1.4. b.2. Department of EducationRead MoreUsing One Cell Necessary For Life And Discusses Its Properties Of Life1334 Words   |  6 Pagescompounds. Specifically, the assignment will describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the cell, how the cell respiration, photosynthesis, and reproduction occur in a concise manner. The paper will also discuss Mendel’s Laws as well as the DNA structure and function of the cell. Finally, the paper will conclude by discussing cancer and the mechanisms of gene control. The Epithelial Cell ​The epithelial cell is a simple cell that covers all other cells in the human body. It forms the covering layerRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells1572 Words   |  7 PagesDNA is arranged in chromosomes that are â€Å"contained within a distinct nucleus†. The name prokaryotes is also defined by the Oxford dictionary as an organism that does not contain a ‘distinct nucleus with a membrane’. These two terms highlighted a very important difference between the two cells; eukaryotic cells had a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane but the prokaryotes did not. The following essay seeks to compare and contrast typical prokaryotic cells to typical eukaryotic cells. Cells can beRead MoreThe Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Organisms Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesThere are three main divisions of living organisms: Prokaryotes, eukaryotes and archaea. This essay will outline the division between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and explore the reasoning behind such differences with regard to general structure, storage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its replication, metabolic processes, protein synthesis and ribonucleic acid (RNA) processing. The cell is the most basic unit of life, defined as â€Å"The fundamental ... structural and functional unitRead MoreThe Role Of Chromatin Structure Within The Development Of Multicellular Organisms1359 Words   |  6 Pageschromatin structure in the development of multicellular organisms The structure of the genetic material of multicellular organisms is a key factor in their physical and evolutionary development. The chromatin structure allows multicellular organisms to develop many consequential characteristics that allow them to grow and specialize in several processes that set them apart from single celled organisms. How can it be that something as small and seemingly uninvolved as chromatin structure can haveRead MoreA Comparison of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells Essay1304 Words   |  6 PagesA Comparison of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells There are two main types of cells in the world. The simplest cells such as bacteria are known as Prokaryotic cells, and human cells are known as Eukaryotic cells. The main difference between each of these cells is that a eukaryotic cell has a nucleus and a membrane bound section in which the cell holds the main DNA which are building blocks of life. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. The chromosomes which are found in prokaryotes are usually

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